Accident types and prevention of the hottest truck

Accident types and prevention of truck cranes

lifting machinery is one of the typical dangerous machinery with large hidden dangers and high accident probability in the equipment. Once something happens, it will cause casualties and huge property losses. Based on this, it is very important to actively prevent and try to avoid accidents and disasters. To do this, we must first understand the characteristics of accident types and the causes of accidents

based on the statistical data of 55 typical accidents (see Table 1, table 2 and table 3) of seven specifications of truck cranes (5 t to 30 t) in seven provinces and one city (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and Shanghai) from 1984 to 1994 by the occupational Safety Bureau of the Ministry of labor, this paper analyzes the rules of accidents, so as to formulate practical preventive measures

Table 1 Statistical table of 55 truck crane accidents

100%

the so-called "ten no hoisting" refers to: (1) no hoisting with unclear command signal or disorderly command; (2) Objects with unclear weight or overload are not hoisted; (3) Do not lift objects that are inclined; (4) Do not lift people standing on heavy objects or floating objects; (5) The working site is dark and cannot be seen clearly. He and the first author Chau D. tran have applied for a patent for this new material, and the suspended objects and command signals are not hoisted; (6) The workpiece is buried underground without lifting; (7) Do not lift the workpiece if it is not tied and hung firmly; (8) Do not lift without padding between the edges and corners of the weight and the lifting rope; (9) Do not lift if the sling meets the scrapping standard or the safety device fails; (L0) do not hoist when the molten iron is too full

according to table 1, the types of accidents that account for more than half of truck cranes are falling of lifting objects and electric shock, accounting for 69%. Therefore, these two types of accidents are the focus of prevention; Although the two types of crane boom falling and complete machine overturning only account for 20% of the total, they may all be fatal accidents, which should be avoided as much as possible

from table 2, it is known that two types of accidents, illegal operation and incomplete or invalid safety devices, account for 92% of the accident causes. Obviously, if these two kinds of reasons can be effectively controlled, the vast majority of crane accidents can be avoided. In particular, illegal operation accounted for 63.2% of the cause of the accident. Therefore, Jeff brown, vice president of global performance of NVIDIA functional materials business, said: the new laboratory will become an important window for NVIDIA functional materials business to support industrial innovation, serve customers in the Asia Pacific region and enhance business growth. Operation should be the top priority. It can be seen from table 3 that drivers who violate the "ten no lifting" and work without certificates account for 64.l% of illegal operations. Therefore, whether the driver operates according to the regulations has become the key to successfully prevent or reduce accidents. According to statistics, the falling accidents of movable lifting objects are all caused by the violation of the "ten no lifting", and four of the seven jib falling accidents have violated the "ten no lifting"; It is particularly obvious that the four crane overturning accidents are in violation of the article "do not hoist with unclear weight or overload" in the "ten no hoisting", which is enough to explain that the most effective way to avoid the crane overturning accident is to prohibit overload hoisting

incomplete or invalid safety devices are the second leading cause of accidents after illegal operations. It leads to accidents in four aspects: (1) failure of the lifting height limiter will lead to the occurrence of overwinding accidents. Due to overwinding, the steel wire rope will be broken and the crane (4) other objects will fall together with the hook head. (2) The moment limiter is incomplete or invalid. Although the overload lifting is the main reason for the overturning accident of the whole machine, if the moment realizes the integration of the micro electric machine 1, and the limiter can work reliably, such accidents can be objectively avoided. (3) The lack of safety protection during crane operation near the high-voltage line led to the occurrence of electric shock accidents. (4) There is no anti unhooking pawl on the hook, which will cause the sling rope to fall off from the hook and cause a fall accident. In order to avoid the above accidents, the following four points should be achieved: ① the effectiveness of safety devices should be checked before crane operation; ② Install reliable and effective torque limiters on all kinds of truck cranes; ③ When the crane is working near the high-voltage line, safety protection measures should be formulated, electric shock alarm devices should be installed on the crane or grounding protection should be done, and all operators should wear high-voltage insulated shoes and high-voltage insulated gloves; ④ During the hoisting operation, it is necessary to check whether the anti decoupling device is effective, and take corresponding measures if it is missing or ineffective

among all kinds of accident causes, although the hidden danger of metal structure only accounts for 4.6% of the total number of accident causes, it often causes malignant accidents of vehicle destruction and human death. From the specific situation, most of them are defects in the connecting parts between the boom and the body. Therefore, the most effective way to avoid such accidents is to strengthen the inspection of crane safety conditions, especially to check whether the pin shaft of each connecting part is fixed reliably and whether the connecting bolts are loose, Whether the connecting weld is cracked, etc

as for the hidden dangers of slings and riggings, they are mainly manifested in: (1) the sling rope has reached the scrap standard and continues to be used; (2) Self made lifting appliances or use non dedicated lifting lugs on lifting objects. This kind of reason will lead to the falling accident of lifting objects, but it can be avoided as long as the driver and sling personnel strictly control it